After two years of the global pandemic, countries around the world are now facing severe labor shortages during the post‑pandemic economic recovery. In the United States, massive stimulus measures under the Biden administration contributed to a Great Resignation, while Canada experienced a wave of retirements toward the end of the pandemic. The shortages extend far beyond pandemic‑related medical fields: food and hospitality, tourism, caregiving, emerging logistics channels, manufacturing—both electronics and traditional industries—as well as agriculture, fisheries, and livestock are all struggling with insufficient labor. Even traditional labor‑supplying countries are now facing shortages of their own. Thailand has encountered domestic labor deficits; Indonesia and Malaysia have engaged in labor‑rights negotiations that once pushed Malaysia to the brink of a foreign‑labor crisis; and labor‑rights disputes between the Philippines and Saudi Arabia have produced similar pressures. Developed countries such as Germany, Japan, New Zealand, and Australia have all launched aggressive policies to attract foreign talent. Taiwan, likewise, has long been experiencing widespread labor shortages across all sectors. The construction industry faces particularly acute deficits, affecting national infrastructure projects and worsening housing challenges. Manufacturing and service industries are short of workers across the board, creating significant obstacles for industrial development. Labor shortages in agriculture, fisheries, and livestock—especially amid a potential global food‑security crisis—have even become a matter of national security.
At a time when countries around the world are competing fiercely for labor, Taiwan not only cannot continue restricting the inflow of foreign talent—it must instead actively enter the global arena and compete for talent. Without doing so, Taiwan risks falling into a state of labor depletion that will undermine national development. Given Taiwan’s long‑standing approach to labor policy, the question arises: Should these policies now be fundamentally and proactively adjusted? To address this urgent issue, FRA convened the 2022 National Workforce Forum, inviting leaders from industry, government, academia, and members of the legislature to jointly deliberate on this critical national challenge.
Representing the government, Lin Chih‑mei, Director of the Workforce Development Division at the National Development Council (NDC), explained that based on Taiwan’s demographic projections, the country will face a labor shortage of at least 400,000 workers in the coming years. She emphasized that the long‑term decline in the birth rate is a structural trend that cannot be reversed in the foreseeable future. Therefore, Taiwan must proactively consider bringing in external labor and talent as a necessary measure to supplement the domestic workforce.
Representing academia, Prof. Huang Chung‑fa, Vice Dean of the College of Engineering at National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology and Honorary Chairman of the Engineering Law Society, explained that within the structural makeup of Taiwan’s construction industry, labor is concentrated primarily at the subcontractor and engineering‑firm level, rather than at the general contractor tier. He presented findings from field research conducted directly among frontline workers, offering an evidence‑based academic perspective that highlights the real conditions faced by grassroots laborers.
Four industry representatives from different sectors joined a panel discussion moderated by renowned writer and thinker Fan Chou. The speakers highlighted how the “one fixed day off, one flexible rest day” labor regulation has adversely affected frontline workers and small‑ and medium‑sized enterprises. Representatives from the medical‑device industry described regulatory requirements that have created significant operational challenges. Across sectors, the panelists echoed a common theme: labor shortages are pervasive, affecting industries without exception.
Legislator Tsai Yi‑yu, together with representatives from the agricultural sector, explained that Taiwan’s farming population is rapidly aging and that agriculture is suffering from severe labor shortages, which have become a major obstacle to the sector’s modernization and upgrading.
This year’s forum brought together an impressive group of distinguished participants. Guests included Tai Chung‑hsing, Deputy Secretary‑General of the General Chamber of Commerce, and Katsuhiko Umehara, former Mayor of Sendai, among other notable attendees. In his closing remarks, Architect Liu Shih‑wei, Advisor to the National Association of Architects, observed that although the forum lasted only half a day, its substantive value far exceeded that of many full‑day conferences, reflecting the depth and urgency of the discussions. FRA will continue this important national dialogue by hosting the FRA 2023 National Workforce Forum in the first half of 2023, further exploring solutions to Taiwan’s labor‑force challenges. More developments are forthcoming.








































